University Seminar “Europe Since COVID-19”

The University Seminar, “Europe Since COVID-19,” is a year-long seminar series that examines the impacts of the coronavirus crisis on the European economy, politics, international relations, culture, and society. 

The “Europe Since COVID-19” University Seminar is led by:

Hope M. Harrison

Professor of History and International Affairs

Kathryn Kleppinger

Associate Professor of French and Francophone Studies and International Affairs

Hilary Silver

Professor of Sociology, International Affairs, and Public Policy and Public Administration

Gayfriendly: Acceptance and Control of Homosexuality

in New York and Paris

November 1, 2023

What does it mean to be gayfriendly? Having gay friends, supporting gay marriage, remaining unfazed when one’s son or daughter comes out? Going to gay bars or questioning one’s own sexual orientation? There is no single model of ‘gayfriendliness,’ but rather different attitudes which vary according to age, sex, country and life circumstance.

Acceptance of homosexuality has undeniably grown, and homosexuality is increasingly seen as one form of sexuality among others. But embedded in this liberal vision is a perspective that is more troubling. Based on interviews with gayfriendly straight people in the liberal neighborhoods of Park Slope in New York and the Marais in Paris, Sylvie Tissot shows that stereotypes remain, and control of gays and lesbians has not disappeared. Acceptance is directed towards those who are of the same socioeconomic background, who proclaim their wish to emulate traditional norms of family life, and who do not make any other demands. Gays must be normal but not completely so, similar and at the same time different, in order to meet the not always conscious conditions of acceptability.

 Gayfriendliness has managed to dispel violence and discrimination and has accompanied the invention of less conventional lives. But, as Tissot shows, it has not yet liberated itself from the clutches of heterosexual domination which still structures our society and our ways of thinking.

Speaker:

Sylvie Tissot is a professor of Political Science at University of Paris 8. Her research focuses on the intersection of class analysis and urban studies. Her previous book, Good Neighbors. Gentrifying Diversity in Boston’s South End (Verso, 2015), reveals the ambivalent way in which upper-middle-class newcomers have positioned themselves as champions of diversity. She is also a founder of the collective Les Mots Sont Importants (Words Matter) and engages in debates on feminism, race, and religion. Her book Gayfriendly: Acceptance and Control of Homosexuality in New York and Paris is now out with Polity (2023).

The Impact of Russia’s War on Ukraine on European and Transatlantic Energy Policy

May 11, 2022

Russia’s war on Ukraine has sent countries reliant on Russian oil and gas scrambling to find alternative sources—not least because every euro or dollar that goes to Russia helps fuel its ongoing assault on its neighbor. Accessing alternative energy sources is not an easy or quickly-resolved task. Join us as three experts examine European and transatlantic energy policy responses since Russia launched its February 2022 invasion of Ukraine and assess future policy options for Europe and for transatlantic relations.

Speakers:

Julian Wettengel is a staff Correspondent for Clean Energy Wire in Berlin, writing about climate and energy. He focuses on German efforts to transition to sustainable energy supplies. Mr. Wettengel has served as a parliamentary assistant to the Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee in the European Parliament.

Peter S. Rashish is a Senior Fellow and the Director of the Geoeconomics Program at the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies at Johns Hopkins University in Washington, DC. He is an expert on German, European, and transatlantic trade, economic, and energy policies and has published widely in the media on these issues. Mr. Rashish has served as Vice President for Europe and Eurasia at the US Chamber of Commerce and has testified to Congress on the Eurozone and US-European economic relations. 

Samantha Gross is Director of the Energy Security and Climate Initiative at the Brookings Institution. Her work is focused on the intersection of energy, environment, and policy, including climate policy and international cooperation, energy geopolitics, and the global transition toward a decarbonized economy. Ms. Gross has served as director of the Office of International Climate and Clean Energy at the US Department of Energy. 

Germany and the Impact of the War in Ukraine

April 19, 2022

Germany occupies a key role in the EU and has been involved in negotiations between Russia and Ukraine since Russia´s annexation of Crimea in 2014. In the wake of Russia’s February 2022 invasion of Ukraine, Germany has made an about-face from its previous policy of not supplying weapons to countries at war in order to help Ukraine. In addition, Germany has significantly increased its defense spending, has imposed heavy sanctions against Russia, stepped up its assistance for Ukraine and has already taken in over 340,000 Ukrainian refugees. Yet Germany remains reliant on Russian fossil fuels and has thus far resisted an immediate embargo of these. Minister of State Dr. Tobias Lindner, the second-ranked official at the German Foreign Office, joined us to discuss these and other issues.

Speaker:

Dr. Tobias Lindner earned his doctorate in economics and has been a member of the Bundestag for the Greens since 2011. From 2017-2021, he was the Security Policy Spokesperson for the Alliance 90/Greens parliamentary group. In December 2021, he was appointed Minister of State at the Federal Foreign Office. He is a member of the newly-formed taskforce of the Greens to examine the impact of the war in Ukraine on German politics and society.

The French Presidential Elections of 2022

March 3, 2022

In April 2022 France will elect a president for a 5-year term. While polls put Emmanuel Macron in the lead, this election features many unknowns: the participation of a record number of high-profile female candidates, two candidates from the far right, and the collapse of the French Left. Join us for a conversation with leading experts on French politics, culture, and history to discover how the media, political parties, and identity politics are shaping up to be among the most contested issues of 2022 in France.

Speakers:

Arthur Goldhammer is a writer, translator, and Senior Affiliate of the Center for European Studies at Harvard University. He is the translator of more than 125 books from the French, for which he has received many honors. Among his translations are the major works of Alexis de Tocqueville and Thomas Piketty. He writes widely on French politics and culture and is the author of the novel Shooting War.

Philippe Marlière is a professor of French and European Politics at University College London (UK). He holds a Ph.D. degree in Social and Political Studies from the European University Institute in Florence. He was awarded the 2007 Chair of Politics at the Université Libre de Bruxelles in recognition of his work on European social democracy. Philippe Marlière researches political ideologies, party politics and the French Left. He is currently writing a book on republican ideology in France.

Rim-Sarah Alouane is a French legal scholar. As a Ph.D. candidate in Comparative Law at the University Toulouse-Capitole in France, her research focuses on religious freedom, civil liberties, constitutional law and human rights in Europe and North America. Ms. Alouane frequently appears on TV and radio in America and worldwide, including NPR, Al Jazeera, BBC, CBC, ABC Australia and France24 where she discusses discrimination, human rights violations and politics.

The European Far Right Since COVID-19

November 8, 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has sent political shockwaves through Europe’s democracies. This panel will discuss how COVID-19 has affected the electoral fortunes of extreme right parties. In last month’s German elections, the Alternative for Germany (AfD) remained a small party in the Bundestag but grew stronger in some Eastern states. Marine LePen remains a strong contender for the French presidency in the runup to the spring election. While Sebastian Kurz fell from grace in Austria and Golden Dawn was banned in Greece, other far right parties like Salvini’s Lega and the far-right Fratelli d’Italia in Italy remain strong. Anti-democratic leaders in Hungary, Poland, and Slovenia suggest that political extremism remains a threat in Central Europe. The far right seems to benefit from public opposition to COVID lockdowns, mask and vaccine mandates as well as conspiracy theories on social media. At the same time, new East/West, North/South cleavages appear to be developing in Europe over migration and the rule of law. Three experts on illiberal tendencies in Europe will explore the political implications of the pandemic for the far right.

Speakers:

Mabel Berezin is Professor of Sociology and Director of the Institute for Europeans Studies at the Einaudi Center for International Studies at Cornell University. She writes on challenges to democratic cohesion and solidarity in Europe and the United States. Berezin is the author of Illiberal Politics in Neoliberal Times: Culture, Security, and Populism in the New Europe (Cambridge 2009) and Making the Fascist Self: The Political Culture of Inter-war Italy (Cornell 1997). She is working on a manuscript The End of Security and the Rise of Populism under contract at Oxford University Press that examines the current global resurgence of nationalism and the populist challenge to democratic practice.

Giovanni Savino is Senior Lecturer in History at the School of Public Policy, RANEPA, Moscow. He has worked on nationalism and the far right in Russia and Italy, and he is known for his work on Russian–Italian far right connections. He teaches courses on the history of the 19th and 20th centuries, the history of political thought and European history.

Tommaso Vitale is Associate Professor of Sociology and Scientific Director of the Master “Governing the Large Metropolis” at Sciences Po (Paris, France). He is also a researcher at Centre d’études européennes, a member of the Comité de direction of the Institut Convergences MIGRATIONS (CNRS), and is co-coordinator of the research group “Cities, borders and (im)mobility” of the CEE. He has published books and articles in comparative political sociology and in comparative urban sociology. His research focuses on racism, housing discrimination, anti-minority right wing mobilizations, islamophobia, metropolitan governance of social policies towards ethnic minorities in European Cities.

German Election Analysis: Two US Experts Reflect on their On-site Visits

September 29, 2021

On September 26, Germany will hold its most consequential election in 16 years, as Angela Merkel steps down as Chancellor and her successor is still uncertain. During the 2021 campaign, frontrunners unpredictably switched from Green Party leader Annalena Baerbock and CDU leader Armin Laschet towards the SPD’s Olaf Scholz. Polls are too close to call, but suggest all three parties have about one-fifth of the vote. This implies the next governing coalition may reach a majority only with some unlikely alliances among three parties. To discuss the hard-to-foresee election results, the University Seminar on Europe Since COVID-19 will host a discussion between two Washington, DC experts on German politics who will have just returned from a site visit to Germany where they will meet with party insiders and opinion makers. Both will reflect on hot-off-the-press news of the election results and the significance for Germany’s next Chancellor and governing coalition.

Hope M. Harrison, Professor of History & International Affairs at George Washington University, will be the US representative on a German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)-sponsored international delegation observing the German elections. Dr. Harrison is an expert on post-1945 German history and is the author of books and articles on Germany.

Eric Langenbacher, Teaching Professor in the government department at Georgetown University and the director of the Society, Culture and Politics Program at the American Institute of Contemporary German Studies at Johns Hopkins, will go to Germany with a group sponsored by the UK’s International Association for the Study of German Politics. Dr. Langenbacher is an expert on German politics and has published many articles and co-authored volumes on the subject.

From the Frontlines: Migration to Eastern and Southern Europe Since 2015

April 23, 2021

After a surge of migrants in 2015 and since the Covid pandemic, movement across Europe’s external borders and internal national borders has largely ceased, casting doubt on the Dublin rules and Schengen agreement. At the same time, the EU Commission is seeking consensus for the new European Pact for Migration and Asylum to resurrect solidarity and insure shared responsibility for new arrivals. Key players in these developments are Greece and Hungary. The former is one of the Southern European states that first encounter migrants arriving by sea. The second is led by the most vocal among the Visegrad group, including Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, that is refusing to accept asylum seekers. There are increasing reports of pushbacks on land and at sea, and relations with the sending countries are tense. This webinar will consider the lessons learned from the great migration to Europe, and will assess the positive and negative aspects of the new Pact for Migration and Asylum with special attention to Southern and Central Europe.

Speakers:

Prof. Anna Triandafyllidou received her PhD from the European University Institute in 1995 and held teaching and research positions at the University of Surrey (1994-95), the London School of Economics (1995-97), the CNR in Rome (1997-99), the EUI (1999-2004) and the Democritus University of Thrace. She was a Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence at New York University in 2001, and a Colston Fellow at the University of Bristol (2001-2002). She serves as national expert in the OECD Network of International Migration Experts (formerly SOPEMI) and acts as an evaluator of research projects for the European Research Council, the Research Framework Programmes of the European Commission, the European Science Foundation, and several national ministries, research agencies and European and other universities. She has also worked as an evaluator for DG Home policies on migrant integration (2016-2018) and has been consulted by the European Parliament on high skill migration policy reform (2016).

András Kováts is a migration expert and the operative director of the Budapest based NGO Menedék. Furthermore, he is an Assistant Research Fellow at the Institute of Minority Studies of the Centre for Social Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. His research topics are: International migration and asylum, immigration and social integration and migration and asylum policies. Recently he has been researching the formulation of the new Hungarian diaspora in the UK.
Mr. Kováts obtained degrees in special education and in social policy at ELTE University, Budapest. He regularly teaches on international migration and immigrant integration at various higher education and other training courses.
Menedék – Hungarian Association for Migrants – was established in January 1995 as a civil initiative. Its aim is to represent international migrants (asylum seekers, refugees, immigrants, and other foreigners in Hungary) to the majority society, and promote the social, and cultural integration of those refugees and migrants who are planning to stay in Hungary by means of targeted programmes and projects.

New Directions for France and the Mediterranean

March 24, 2021

In July 2020, President Emmanuel Macron of France established a new ministerial position to facilitate France’s economic, political, and social initiatives involving the Mediterranean region. Designed to address region-wide concerns such as migration, economic cooperation, and cultural exchanges, this position aims to bring together regional actors from multiple countries. French Ambassador to the Mediterranean Karim Amellal spoke about his current work on-site in Algeria, recent social and political developments in France, and the impact of COVID-19 on French policy.

This event was off-the-record and closed to the media.

Speaker:

Ambassador Karim Amellal has worked in many fields, often at the same time: professor at the Institut d’études politiques de Paris (Sciences-Po), entrepreneur, writer, director of a non-profit, and activist. He is dedicated to the improvement of equal opportunities and to residents of lower-income neighborhoods and has always promoted dialogue between France and North Africa, particularly with the country of his birth, Algeria.
 
An author of many books, novels, and essays, he has published several well-received works including Discriminez-moi ! Enquête sur nos inégalités (2005) and Bleu Blanc Noir (2016). His most recent work is entitled Dernières heures avant l’aurore (2019): published before the Hirak movement launched, the novel describes the dawning of a hopeful new social and political atmosphere in Algeria.
 
A long-time collaborator with President Emmanuel Macron, he directed the Prime Minster’s Mission contre le racisme et l’antisémitisme sur internet (Mission against racism and antisemitism online) and was named Ambassador and interminsterial delegate to the Mediterranean by President Macron in July 2020. In his new position, Ambassador Amellal seeks to unite the two shores of the Mediterranean region and to foster policies that push youth toward a shared future.

COVID-19 and Attitudes to Immigration in Europe

March 10, 2021

The worsening economic situation due to COVID-19 has replaced immigration as the number one concern of Europeans in 2020, but immigration remains the second most pressing issue facing the EU, according to Eurobarometers. Anti-immigrant sentiments are associated with voting for far right parties, with implications for upcoming elections in a number of key European countries. This seminar features two experts in public opinion who will examine European attitudes towards immigrants in light of the pandemic.

Speakers:

Andrew Geddes is a Professor of Migration Studies and the Director of the Migration Policy Centre at European University Institute. During his career, he has led and participated in a number of major projects on aspects of international migration working with a wide range of academic and non-academic partners. For the period 2014-19 he was awarded an Advanced Investigator Grant by the European Research Council for a project on the drivers of global migration governance. He has published extensively on global migration, with a particular focus on policy-making and the politics of migration and on regional cooperation and integration. Recent publications include The Politics of Migration and Immigration in Europe (London: Sage, co-authored with Peter Scholten); The Dynamics of Regional Migration Governance (edited with Marcia Vera Espinoza, Leila Hadj-Abdou and Leiza Brumat) and A Rising Tide? The Salience of Immigration and the Rise of Anti-Immigration Political Parties in Western Europe (Political Quarterly, with James Dennison). Prior to joining EUI he was a Professor of Politics at the University of Sheffield, UK where he served as Head of Department between 2008 and 2011.

Christopher Warshaw is Associate Professor of Political Science at George Washington University. He previously taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and holds a Ph.D. and J.D. from Stanford University. Dr. Warshaw’s research evaluates the links between public opinion, elections, and political outcomes primarily in the United States. His work is published in American Political Science Review, the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Politics, the Annual Review of Political Science, the British Journal of Political Science, and other top political science journals.

Prospects for the New European Migration and Asylum Pact,
with Implications for American Immigration Policy

February 8, 2021

The January 2021 Portuguese Presidency of the EU promises to prioritize the new Migration and Asylum Pact proposed by the European Commission in September 2021. It faces many challenges, including adequate Frontex border patrols, protecting both asylum seekers and migrants arriving in frontline states, processing legitimate claims, preserving free movement within the EU, and relocating or deporting these arrivals. Governance obstacles abound, given the changing politics on Europe’s sea and land borders and resistance of some member-states to the obligations of solidarity and shared responsibility for immigration and integration. The speakers discussed current immigration issues to Europe and offered some comparative observations in light of the new US Administration’s approach.

Speakers:

Hanne Beirens is Director of Migration Policy Institute Europe. She specializes in European Union policies related to asylum and migration, human trafficking, labor migration, and youth.

Prior to joining MPI as Associate Director in 2015, Dr. Beirens worked as a Lead Managing Consultant for ICF Consulting, where she focused on impact assessments, feasibility studies, and evaluations for the European Commission, with a particular focus on EU asylum and migration policy, as well as developing products within the European Migration Network (EMN), including pan-European studies and the EMN annual report. Topics covered include reception facilities for asylum seekers, unaccompanied children, and non-EU harmonized protection statuses. Earlier, Dr. Beirens worked as a Research Fellow at the Institute for Applied Social Studies of the University of Birmingham, evaluating services, organizations, and community-based initiatives pursuing the integration of asylum seekers, refugees, and third-country nationals. She also has worked for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and as an independent consultant for the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the Quaker United Nations Office (QUNO). She holds a master’s degree in race and ethnic relations (with distinction) and a PhD in sociology and ethnic relations on the participation of minors in armed conflict, both from the University of Warwick (UK).

James F. Hollifield is Ora Nixon Arnold Chair in International Political Economy, Professor in the Department of Political Science, and Director of the Tower Center at SMU. He also is a Global Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center, a Fellow at the Institut zur Zukunft der Arbeit (IZA) at the University of Bonn, and a Fellow at the Global Migration Centre at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. Hollifield has written widely on issues of political and economic development, with a focus on migration. His most recent books include Understanding Global Migration (Stanford University Press), Migration Theory, soon to be in its 4th edition with Routledge, and International Political Economy: History, Theory and Policy (Cambridge University Press). Hollifield has served as an advisor for governments around the world and for many international organizations on matters of migration and human and economic development.

The university seminar on “Europe Since COVID-19” held an online panel discussion about the international impact of the Black Lives Matter movement and the George Floyd protests in the USA. In June 2020, in the middle of the Covid pandemic, Europeans held numerous demonstrations in solidarity with people of color and protested police discrimination in their respective countries. This panel of experts discussed race relations and activism to oppose state violence against minorities in France, Germany, and the Netherlands.

Speakers:

Sinan Çankaya is assistant professor in the Department of Public Administration and Political Science at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. A writer and cultural anthropologist, he earned a Ph.D. on processes of in- and exclusion of ethnic minority police officers, and went on to research racial profiling. Previously, his journalistic writings were published each month at De Correspondent. His main research topics are racial profiling, race, racialization, diversity policies, and in/exclusion within organizations. He recently published a non-fiction book, My Innumerable Identities.

Noa K. Ha is acting scientific director at Deutsches Zentrum für Migrations- und Integrationsforschung (DeZIM). Previously, she taught and researched at TU Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin, and TU Dresden on such topics as postcolonial urbanism; memory politics and public space; and critical race, migration and integration studies. She is a founding member of the Critical Race, Postcolonial and Decolonial Studies Association, and is active in such migrant and decolonial civil society organizations as Migrationsrat Berlin-Brandenburg e.V., korientation e.V. (an Asian German network), and Critical Ethnic Studies Association (CESA). She is co-editor of Street Vending in the Neoliberal City: A Global Perspective on the Practices and Policies of a Marginalized Economy (Berghahn, 2015).

Sarah Mazouz is a tenured researcher at the CNRS (CERAPS). She holds a PhD in Sociology from the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (2010), was a Marie Curie Fellow at the Humboldt University in Berlin, and a postdoctoral fellow in the ERC research program MORALS – Towards a Critical Moral Anthropology. She is the author of La République et ses autres: Politiques de l’altérité dans la France des années 2000 (Lyon, ENS Éditions 2000) and Race (Anamos, 2020); co-author of Juger, réprimer, accompagner: Essai sur la morale de l’Etat (Seuil, 2013) and of At the Heart of State. The Moral World of Institutions (Pluto, 2015); and co-editor of Entre accueil et rejet: Ce que les villes font aux migrants (Le Passager clandestine, 2018).

Ojeaku Nwabuzo is Senior Research Officer at the European Network Against Racism where she is responsible for coordinating ENAR’s research and policy analysis, including yearly Shadow Reports on Racism in Europe. In recent years she has focused on policing and the criminal justice system. She is also a PhD candidate at VUB, where her doctoral research focuses on anti-racism advocacy and anti-discrimination policies in Europe. She previously worked as a research and policy analyst at Runnymede, a race equality think tank in the UK, where she supported a Deaths in Custody and mental health research project.

Public Health in France: From the Colonies to COVID

October 22, 2020

This event examined the long and complex history of medical experimentation and testing in Africa during the French colonial era with two leading historians of French colonial public health policy. They explored the social and scientific history of French vaccine research and testing in Africa and its implications for current vaccine developments.

Speakers:

Libérté or Communauté? Public Health in France and Francophone Africa from Empire to Covid

Jessica Pearson is Assistant Professor of European History at Macalester College. Her research explores the history of European decolonization from a global vantage point. In her first book, The Colonial Politics of Global Health: France and the United Nations in Postwar Africa, Dr. Pearson uses global public health as a lens to explore the clash between internationalism and imperialism in French Africa in the 1940s and 1950s. Currently, Professor Pearson is working on a new book project, entitled “Traveling to the End of Empire: Leisure Tourism in the Era of Decolonization,” which will be a global exploration of tourism and European decolonization in the second half of the twentieth century. She has conducted archival research in Aix-en-Provence, Dakar, London, Nantes, New York, Paris, and Washington D.C.

Infrastructure and Vaccine Politics: Lessons from Yellow Fever Campaigns in West Africa

Aro Velmet is a historian of modern Europe, with a particular interest in the intersection of technological change and forms of governance, claims about humanitarian development, and global modeling. Dr. Velmet’s first book, Pasteur’s Empire: Bacteriology and Politics in France, its Colonies and the World looks at how bacteriological research in the early twentieth century came to represent France’s civilizing mission in its colonies and shaped politics in the French empire in fields ranging from labor rights to industrial policy. Dr. Velmet is currently working on the history of cybernetics, data processing, and global development from an Eastern European perspective. Dr. Velmet also maintains an interest in public outreach. He is an editor of the Estonian cultural monthly Vikerkaar, a member of the Eurozine network of European cultural journals. In 2019-2020 he was a fellow at the DemocraCE project at the Res Publica Foundation in Poland.

Her Excellency Emily Haber, Ambassador of Germancy to the United States, joined us to discuss the impact of Covid-19 on Germany and the EU. Germany currently holds the presidency of the Council of the European Union until December. Coordinating responses to the widespread impact of Covid-19 is one of Germany’s priorities during its presidency. Speaking to us just days before the 30th anniversary of German unification on October 3, Ambassador Haber also addressed the significance of that historical event.

Serving as Germany’s highest representative in Washington since 2018, Ambassador Haber previously served in various leadership functions at the Foreign Office in Berlin, including as Political Director and State Secretary. From 2014-2018 she was deployed to the Federal Ministry of the Interior as State Secretary in charge of homeland security and migration policy.